Mesenteric artery stenosis

Hemodynamically significant narrowing of the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, or inferior mesenteric artery, resulting in reduced splanchnic blood flow and potential development of acute or chronic intestinal ischemia.

Causes

• Atherosclerosis of mesenteric arteries associated with smoking, diabetes, hypertension, or hyperlipidemia

• Mesenteric artery thrombosis

• Arterial embolism

• Median arcuate ligament syndrome (mechanical compression of the celiac artery)

• Vasculitis

  • Polyarteritis nodosa

  • Takayasu arteritis

  • Giant cell arteritis

• Non-atherosclerotic vascular disorders

  • Fibromuscular dysplasia

  • Arterial dissection

  • Connective tissue disorders affecting arterial integrity

• Other causes

  • Iatrogenic injury after vascular procedures

  • Radiation-induced vascular disease

  • Congenital vascular abnormalities

  • Trauma affecting mesenteric vessels