Myocardial hyperkinesia

An abnormally increased regional or global left ventricular contractility, reflecting enhanced myocardial systolic performance due to physiological compensation, increased sympathetic stimulation, metabolic demand, or pharmacologic effects.

Causes

• Compensatory response to akinetic/hypokinetic myocardial segments

• High-output states

  • Severe anemia

  • Hyperthyroidism

  • Fever

  • Sepsis

  • Pregnancy

• Physiological causes

  • Intense physical exertion

  • Acute emotional stress

  • Increased sympathetic activation

• Medications with positive inotropic effect

  • β-adrenergic agonists

  • Adrenaline (epinephrine)

  • Dobutamine

  • Dopamine

• Sympathomimetic stimulants

  • Cocaine

  • Amphetamine

• Early compensatory phase of heart failure

• Pheochromocytoma