Pancreatic necrosis

An irreversible ischemic necrosis of pancreatic parenchyma, often accompanied by peripancreatic fat necrosis, representing a severe form of pancreatic injury that may lead to infection, systemic inflammatory response, organ failure, and formation of necrotic collections requiring drainage or debridement.

Causes

• Gallstones

• Alcohol-induced acute or chronic pancreatitis

• Abdominal trauma

• Hypertriglyceridemia

• Hypercalcemia

• Medications

  • Diuretics (thiazides, loop diuretics)

  • Antibiotics

  • Chemotherapy agents

• Pancreatic tumor-related duct obstruction or pancreatic injury

• Genetic and inherited causes

  • Cystic fibrosis

  • Hereditary pancreatitis

• Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis

• Autoimmune pancreatitis