Phthisis bulbi

An end-stage, non-functional, shrunken ocular condition characterized by severe structural atrophy, fibrosis, and scarring of the globe, typically associated with profound irreversible vision loss, ocular hypotony, and loss of normal ocular architecture.

Causes

• Chronic ocular inflammation causing tissue destruction

  • Chronic uveitis

  • Endophthalmitis

• Severe ocular trauma causing irreversible structural damage

• Glaucoma-associated ocular degeneration

• Retinal and vascular causes

  • Retinal detachment

  • Severe retinal ischemia

  • Coats’ disease

• Surgical and iatrogenic causes: Complications of ocular surgery

• Retinoblastoma

• Radiation-related causes

  • Radiation-induced ocular tissue damage

  • Radiation retinopathy leading to progressive globe degeneration

• Congenital ocular anomalies