Scleritis

A severe, painful, immune-mediated inflammation of the sclera, potentially leading to scleral thinning, ocular complications, and vision loss.

Causes

• Autoimmune and inflammatory causes

  • Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

  • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)

• Infectious causes

  • Bacterial infections

  • Viral infections (especially herpes zoster/shingles)

  • Fungal infections

  • Parasitic infections

• Traumatic and iatrogenic causes

  • Ocular trauma

  • Previous eye surgery

• Medications: Bisphosphonates