Steroids

Lipophilic organic compounds derived from the steroid nucleus, including sterols and steroid hormones, with diverse endocrine, metabolic, reproductive, and anti-inflammatory functions.

Types and functions

• Glucocorticoids regulate metabolism and immune responses (anti-inflammatory)

  • Cortisol

  • Prednisolone

  • Dexamethasone

• Mineralocorticoids regulate sodium retention, potassium excretion, and fluid balance

  • Aldosterone maintain blood pressure and extracellular volume

• Sex steroids regulate sexual development and reproduction

  • Estrogens

  • Progesterone

  • Testosterone

• Other steroid compounds

  • Cholesterol

  • Bile acids

  • Vitamin D derivatives

• Clinical uses

  • Treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases

  • Hormone replacement therapy

  • Contraception and reproductive medicine

  • Management of adrenal insufficiency

  • Anabolic effects in selected medical conditions