Vulvovaginitis

An inflammatory process involving both the vulvar and vaginal mucosa, characterized by erythema, edema, and potentially vaginal discharge, pruritus, burning, dysuria, or vulvovaginal pain.

Causes

• Infectious causes

  • Bacterial vaginosis

  • Vulvovaginal candidiasis (yeast infection)

  • Trichomoniasis

  • Chlamydia

  • Gonorrhea

• Irritant causes

  • Soap

  • Bubble baths

  • Vaginal douching

  • Spermicides

  • Scented laundry detergents

  • Foreign bodies (retained tampons)

  • Local trauma or friction

  • Other chemical or mechanical irritants

• Dermatological causes

  • Allergic reactions to personal-care or hygiene products

  • Eczema

  • Contact dermatitis

  • Other inflammatory skin disorders

• Reduced estrogen --> Atrophic vaginitis

  • Post-childbirth

  • Breastfeeding

  • Menopause

• Poor hygiene or improper wiping technique