Blueberry muffin sign

A neonatal cutaneous finding characterized by multiple, nonblanchable, blue-red to violaceous macules, papules, or nodules due to dermal extramedullary hematopoiesis, purpura, or infiltrative malignancy.

Causes

• Congenital infections: CMV, rubella, toxoplasmosis, herpes simplex, syphilis, parvovirus B19

• Hematologic/oncologic disease: Neuroblastoma, leukemia, hemolytic anemia

• Autoimmune/metabolic disorders

• Histiocytosis

• Mastocytosis