Developmental delay

A neurodevelopmental condition in which a child's attainment of age-appropriate milestones is significantly postponed in one or more domains (motor, language, cognitive, social-emotional, or adaptive), typically quantified as performance ≥2 standard deviations below the mean on standardized assessments.

• Genetic and Medical Factors

  • Genetic conditions: Down syndrome or fragile X syndrome

  • Metabolic issues: Phenylketonuria (PKU) or hypothyroidism

  • Neurological states: Cerebral palsy or autism

  • Sensory loss: Hearing or vision impairments

• Pregnancy and Birth Complications

  • Premature birth

  • Oxygen shortage

  • Prenatal exposure: Alcohol, drugs, or smoking while pregnant

  • Infections: Illnesses passed to the baby before birth or early in life

• Environmental Challenges

  • Toxins: Lead poisoning

  • Poor nutrition

  • Trauma or neglect: A lack of social care, love, or safe living conditions