Elevated GH

An increased serum growth hormone (GH) concentration above the reference range (men: 0.05-3 ng/mL; women: 0.05-8 ng/mL; children: 10-50 ng/mL). Persistent elevation may lead to acromegaly in adults or gigantism in children.

Causes

• Benign pituitary adenoma (≈95% of pathological cases)

• GHRH-producing tumors

• GH-producing tumors

  • Lung tumors

  • Pancreatic tumors

• Genetic syndromes

  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)

  • McCune–Albright syndrome

  • Carney complex

• Physiologic causes

  • Hypoglycemia

  • Heavy physical exercise

  • Deep sleep

  • Severe stress

  • Puberty

• Chronic kidney disease (reduced GH clearance)