Glomerulonephritis

Acute or chronic nephritis characterized by immune-mediated inflammation of the glomerular capillary loops, causing glomerular injury with hematuria, proteinuria, edema, hypertension, and potential progression to renal failure.

Causes

• Post-infectious causes

  • Streptococcal infection

  • Infective endocarditis

  • Viral infection: HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C

• Autoimmune and inflammatory causes

  • IgA nephropathy

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

  • Anti-GBM disease (Goodpasture's syndrome)

  • Vasculitis (ANCA-associated vasculitis)

• Hypertension

• Diabetes mellitus

• Genetic: Alport syndrome

• Medication: NSAIDs, chemotherapy