Hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver characterized by hepatocellular injury with variable necrosis, cholestasis, and potential progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis, or hepatic failure.

Causes

• Viral hepatitis: A, B, C, D, E

• Toxic and medication-related causes

  • Acetaminophen toxicity

  • Alcohol-related liver injury

  • Drug-induced liver injury

  • Herbal and supplement-related hepatotoxicity

  • Chemical toxin exposure

• Autoimmune hepatitis

• Metabolic and lifestyle-related causes

  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)

  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)

• Genetic causes

  • Wilson's disease

  • Hemochromatosis

• Ischemic hepatitis due to reduced hepatic blood flow

• Cholestatic liver diseases

• Infiltrative disorders affecting hepatic tissue

• Radiation injury