Malnutrition

A pathological state resulting from deficiency (undernutrition) or excess (overnutrition) of energy and nutrient intake, leading to impaired somatic growth, body composition, and organ function. Possible causes are poor diet, anorexia nervosa, dementia, GI disease (Crohn's disease, celiac disease, ulcerative colitis), increase of energy requirement (COPD), prolonged loss of appetite (cancer, liver disease), poor dentition, supplement toxicity (vitamins and minerals), and caloric excess through foods high in fats and sugars.