Mediastinal lymphadenopathy

A pathological enlargement of lymph nodes within the mediastinum, typically identified on imaging. Possible causes are malignancy (lymphoma, lung cancer, metastasis, leukemia), infections (pneumonia, tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis), inflammation (sarcoidosis, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis), dust/coal/smoke inhalation, cystic fibrosis, and heart failure.