Retinitis

Inflammatory disorder of the retina characterized by leukocytic infiltration, retinal edema, and possible photoreceptor damage, leading to visual field defects and potentially permanent vision loss if untreated.

Causes

• Infectious causes

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

  • Herpes zoster virus (HZV)

  • Toxoplasma gondii

  • Candida infection

  • Syphilis

  • Lyme disease

  • Tuberculosis

• Autoimmune and inflammatory causes

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

  • Behçet's disease

  • Sarcoidosis

• Ocular trauma

• Post-surgical retinal inflammation

• Drug-induced retinal inflammation

• Inflammatory disorders affecting adjacent ocular structures