Pulmonary hyperinflation

An abnormal increase in lung volume, typically defined by elevated functional residual capacity, resulting from chronic airflow obstruction, air trapping, or compensatory expansion of the remaining lung.

Causes

• Obstructive airway diseases

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

  • Asthma

  • Cystic fibrosis

  • Bronchiectasis

• Compensatory causes

  • Compensatory hyperinflation after lobectomy

  • Compensatory expansion following loss of functional lung tissue

• Mechanical ventilation with excessive positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)