Dysphonia

An impairment in vocalization characterized by abnormal voice quality (hoarseness, roughness, breathiness, strained, or weak phonation).

Causes

• Prolonged vocal abuse: Shouting

• Inflammation

  • Laryngitis

  • Laryngopharyngeal reflux

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

  • Vocal cord nodules

  • Vocal cord polyps

  • Vocal cord cysts

  • Allergies

• Neurological disorders

  • Spasmodic dysphonia

  • Vocal cord paralysis

• Hypothyroidism: Myxedema