Elevated PTH

An increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration above the reference range (~15-65 pg/mL or 1.6-6.9 pmol/L), reflecting abnormal regulation of calcium-phosphate-vitamin D homeostasis and increased parathyroid activity.

Causes

• Primary hyperparathyroidism

  • Parathyroid adenoma

  • Parathyroid hyperplasia

  • Parathyroid carcinoma

• Secondary hyperparathyroidism

  • Kidney failure

  • Vitamin D deficiency

  • Gastrointestinal malabsorption

  • Chronic low calcium states

• Tertiary hyperparathyroidism

  • Autonomous parathyroid hormone secretion after prolonged secondary hyperparathyroidism

• Medications

  • Lithium

  • Furosemide