Glossitis

Inflammation of the tongue, characterized by lingual swelling, erythema, pain, and loss or atrophy of filiform papillae, potentially impairing articulation, mastication, and swallowing.

Causes

• Nutritional deficiencies

  • Iron deficiency

  • Folate deficiency

  • Vitamin B12 deficiency

• Infectious causes

  • Bacterial infections

  • Herpes simplex virus infection

  • Yeast or fungal infections (candidiasis)

• Allergic and immune-mediated causes

  • Food allergies

  • Medication allergies

  • Toothpaste or oral care product sensitivity

• Local trauma and irritation

  • Tongue injury

  • Xerostomia

  • Tobacco use

  • Alcohol exposure

  • Hot or spicy foods

  • Denture irritation

• Celiac disease

• Poor oral hygiene