Stupor

A state of markedly depressed consciousness characterized by immobility, absence of spontaneous activity, and minimal response to vigorous external stimuli, in which the patient can be transiently aroused but rapidly lapses back into unresponsiveness.

Causes

• Drug and toxic causes

  • Alcohol intoxication

  • Opioids

  • Sedatives

  • Carbon monoxide poisoning

• Metabolic causes

  • Hypoglycemia

  • Hyperglycemia

  • Hyponatremia

  • Liver failure

  • Kidney failure

  • Hypoxia

  • Hypercapnia

  • Hypothyroidism

  • Adrenal insufficiency

• Infectious causes

  • Sepsis

  • Encephalitis

  • Meningitis

• Neurological causes

  • Stroke

  • Traumatic brain injury

  • Seizure

  • Postictal state

• Depression

• Temperature-related causes

  • Hypothermia

  • Heat stroke