Hemoptysis

The expectoration of blood originating from the lower respiratory tract, typically the tracheobronchial tree or pulmonary parenchyma, and not from the nasopharynx or gastrointestinal source. Possible causes are infections (bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis), lung disease (COPD, cystic fibrosis), malignancy (lung cancer, metastasis), cardiovascular conditions (pulmonary embolism, heart failure), trauma, anticoagulants, foreign bodies, vasculitis, Goodpasture's syndrome, SLE, inhalation of crack cocaine, and thoracic endometriosis.