Vertigo

A subjective sensation of disordered motion, typically experienced as a spinning or rotational illusion of oneself or the environment, often accompanied by nausea, nystagmus, postural instability, and gait disturbance. It results from dysfunction of the vestibular system or its central connections.

Causes

• Peripheral vestibular causes

  • Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)

  • Ménière's disease

  • Vestibular neuritis

  • Labyrinthitis

• Central neurological causes

  • Vestibular migraine

  • Stroke

  • Multiple sclerosis

  • Brain tumor

  • Brainstem or cerebellar lesions

  • Head trauma