Hematuria

The abnormal presence of blood in the urine (hematuria), indicating bleeding anywhere along the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra.

Causes

• Infectious and inflammatory causes

  • Urinary tract infection

  • Cystitis

  • Pyelonephritis

  • Urethritis

• Structural and obstructive causes

  • Urolithiasis

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia

  • Urinary tract obstruction

• Renal causes

  • Glomerulonephritis

  • Polycystic kidney disease

• Exercise and trauma-related causes

  • Vigorous exercise or intense workouts

  • Blunt or penetrating urinary tract trauma

  • Recent urological procedures

• Medication-related causes

  • Heparin, warfarin, aspirin, antibiotics

• Malignant causes

  • Bladder cancer

  • Kidney cancer

  • Ureteral cancer

  • Prostate cancer

• Menstrual contamination