Elevated Creatinine

An abnormal increase in serum creatinine concentration above the reference range, typically reflecting reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and impaired renal excretory function.

• Adult male: 60-110 μmol/L or 0.7-1.3 mg/dL

• Adult female: 45-90 μmol/L or 0.6-1.1 mg/dL

• Children: 0.3-0.7 mg/dL

Causes

• Pre-renal causes: Dehydration, hypovolemia, hypotension, hemorrhage

• Renal causes

  • Nephrosclerosis

  • Diabetic nephropathy

  • Hypertensive nephropathy

  • Renal infarction

  • Nephrotoxicity: NSAIDs, antibiotics

  • Pyelonephritis

  • Glomerulonephritis

• Postrenal causes: Urinary tract obstruction, BPH

• Nonrenal causes

  • High-protein diet

  • Intense exercise

  • Increased muscle mass